Optimal. Leaf size=355 \[ \frac{\log \left (x^2-\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )}}-\frac{\log \left (x^2+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )}}-\frac{\log \left (x^2-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )}}+\frac{\log \left (x^2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )}}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}-2 x}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\right )-\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-2 x}{\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}\right )-\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\right )+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}\right ) \]
[Out]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.435571, antiderivative size = 355, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 19, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 16, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.375 \[ \frac{\log \left (x^2-\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )}}-\frac{\log \left (x^2+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )}}-\frac{\log \left (x^2-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )}}+\frac{\log \left (x^2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}} x+1\right )}{8 \sqrt{3 \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )}}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}-2 x}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\right )-\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-2 x}{\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}\right )-\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2-\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\right )+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{\frac{1}{3} \left (2+\sqrt{3}\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}\right ) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In] Int[x^2/(1 - x^4 + x^8),x]
[Out]
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Rubi in Sympy [A] time = 43.0205, size = 311, normalized size = 0.88 \[ \frac{\sqrt{3} \log{\left (x^{2} - x \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2} + 1 \right )}}{24 \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \log{\left (x^{2} + x \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2} + 1 \right )}}{24 \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \log{\left (x^{2} - x \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2} + 1 \right )}}{24 \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}} + \frac{\sqrt{3} \log{\left (x^{2} + x \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2} + 1 \right )}}{24 \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}} + \frac{\sqrt{3} \operatorname{atan}{\left (\frac{2 x - \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}}{\sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}} \right )}}{12 \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}} + \frac{\sqrt{3} \operatorname{atan}{\left (\frac{2 x + \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}}{\sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}} \right )}}{12 \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \operatorname{atan}{\left (\frac{2 x - \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}} \right )}}{12 \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \operatorname{atan}{\left (\frac{2 x + \sqrt{- \sqrt{3} + 2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}} \right )}}{12 \sqrt{\sqrt{3} + 2}} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] rubi_integrate(x**2/(x**8-x**4+1),x)
[Out]
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Mathematica [C] time = 0.016386, size = 40, normalized size = 0.11 \[ \frac{1}{4} \text{RootSum}\left [\text{$\#$1}^8-\text{$\#$1}^4+1\&,\frac{\log (x-\text{$\#$1})}{2 \text{$\#$1}^5-\text{$\#$1}}\&\right ] \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In] Integrate[x^2/(1 - x^4 + x^8),x]
[Out]
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Maple [C] time = 0.01, size = 40, normalized size = 0.1 \[{\frac{1}{4}\sum _{{\it \_R}={\it RootOf} \left ({{\it \_Z}}^{8}-{{\it \_Z}}^{4}+1 \right ) }{\frac{{{\it \_R}}^{2}\ln \left ( x-{\it \_R} \right ) }{2\,{{\it \_R}}^{7}-{{\it \_R}}^{3}}}} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] int(x^2/(x^8-x^4+1),x)
[Out]
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Maxima [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \[ \int \frac{x^{2}}{x^{8} - x^{4} + 1}\,{d x} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x^2/(x^8 - x^4 + 1),x, algorithm="maxima")
[Out]
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Fricas [A] time = 0.284676, size = 1107, normalized size = 3.12 \[ \text{result too large to display} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x^2/(x^8 - x^4 + 1),x, algorithm="fricas")
[Out]
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Sympy [A] time = 4.89047, size = 26, normalized size = 0.07 \[ \operatorname{RootSum}{\left (5308416 t^{8} - 2304 t^{4} + 1, \left ( t \mapsto t \log{\left (- 442368 t^{7} - 192 t^{3} + x \right )} \right )\right )} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x**2/(x**8-x**4+1),x)
[Out]
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GIAC/XCAS [A] time = 0.2881, size = 342, normalized size = 0.96 \[ \frac{1}{24} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} - 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac{4 \, x + \sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}}\right ) + \frac{1}{24} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} - 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac{4 \, x - \sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}}\right ) + \frac{1}{24} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} + 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac{4 \, x + \sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}}\right ) + \frac{1}{24} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} + 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac{4 \, x - \sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}}\right ) - \frac{1}{48} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} - 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )}{\rm ln}\left (x^{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, x{\left (\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}\right )} + 1\right ) + \frac{1}{48} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} - 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )}{\rm ln}\left (x^{2} - \frac{1}{2} \, x{\left (\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}\right )} + 1\right ) - \frac{1}{48} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} + 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )}{\rm ln}\left (x^{2} + \frac{1}{2} \, x{\left (\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}\right )} + 1\right ) + \frac{1}{48} \,{\left (\sqrt{6} + 3 \, \sqrt{2}\right )}{\rm ln}\left (x^{2} - \frac{1}{2} \, x{\left (\sqrt{6} - \sqrt{2}\right )} + 1\right ) \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In] integrate(x^2/(x^8 - x^4 + 1),x, algorithm="giac")
[Out]